Actions may have requirements they have to pass before executing the action itself. If an action does not pass its requirements it does not have a result, which makes it different from failing the action, despite not doing anything either. Sometimes this difference is used, for example in the minecraft:first_to_pass_requirements sequence handler and in Dispense Behaviors. In other cases this is treated as if the action failed. The conditions use the following loot context parameters with the minecraft:action loot context type:

{
  "context": {
    "entity": "this",
    "position": "target"
  },
  "conditions": {
    "condition": "minecraft:location_check",
    "predicate": {
      "block": {
        "blocks": "minecraft:rooted_dirt"
      }
    }
  }
}